Sensors probes
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The following sections describe the main features and the general usage for all the sensors probes included in the Plug & Sense! Smart Agriculture Xtreme model.
It is important to remark that Smart Agriculture Xtreme is only available in the Waspmote Plug & Sense! line. It is not available for the Waspmote OEM line. Besides, keep in mind that Smart Agriculture Xtreme is not compatible with the former Smart Agriculture or Smart Agriculture PRO models. In other words, the sensor probes described in this Guide are only compatible with Smart Agriculture Xtreme, because its advanced electronics allow these specific sensor integrations (some exceptions are the BME, Ultrasound or Luminosity sensors).
In order to keep this guide as short as possible, some manufacturer information has been omitted. Libelium encourages the reader to visit the manufacturer websites and to spend some time studying all the technical papers and application notes provided for each sensor. Measured parameters on the great majority of Smart Agriculture applications require a deep knowledge of the environmental parameters and, what is more, sophisticated measurement techniques to obtain the best accuracy.
Additionally, Libelium highly recommends carrying out comprehensive laboratory tests before installing the system on the field, as well as proof of concepts on the field during a reasonable period, before going to a real deployment. Thanks to these good practices, the user will have an idea of the platform behavior, which will be very close to reality. Parameters like accuracy over time or battery drain can be only measured with real tests.
Finally, always take into account a maintenance factor for each sensor probe. The environmental conditions could affect the sensor behaviour and accuracy therefore it will become mandatory periodic maintenance for each sensor probe, to watch out things like dirty on sensor probes, measure position or wire connections. The period between these maintenance actions will be different on each application. Contact our Sales department through the next link if you require more information: .
The Non-contact surface temperature measurement sensor probe is able to measure the electromagnetic radiation that every object with a temperature above absolute zero emits, which is used to calculate the surface temperature from a distance. Thanks to this, the temperature of the object's surface is not altered in any way when measuring it.
Operating environment: -45 to 80 ºC
Operation humidity: 0 ~ 100% RH (non-condensing)
Calibration uncertainty (-20 to 65 ºC), when target and detector temperature are within 20 ºC: 0.2 ºC
Calibration uncertainty (-40 to 80 ºC), when target and detector temperature are different by more than 20 ºC: 0.5 ºC
Measurement repeatability: less than 0.05 ºC
Stability (long-term drift): less than 2% change in slope per year when germanium filter is maintained in a clean condition
Field of view: 22º (half angle)
Spectral range: 8 to 14 µm; atmospheric window
Dimensions: 23 mm diameter; 60 mm length
Mass: 190 g (with 5 m of lead wire)
Cable length: 5 m
The SI-411 sensor provides a digital signal using the SDI-12 protocol.
Reading code:
Connect the SI-411 sensor probe to Plug & Sense! Smart Agriculture Xtreme in any of the sockets shown in the image below.
When choosing the distance of the sensor to the object to be measured at the installation of the sensor, it must be taken into account that it has a field of view (FOV) of 22º (half angle), as you can see in the image below.
It is necessary to remove the green protective cover to measure, it is only used to protect the sensor when it is not being used.
An Angle mounting bracket (Apogee AM-220) can also be used for the installation. This accessory is recommended to mount the sensor on a pole with an outer diameter from 3.3 to 5.3 cm at different angles.
Looking into the above picture, the black plastic part on the right must be facing the pole, while the metal angled part on the left must fix the sensor.
First, attach the accessory to the pole screwing the 2 nuts just enough to hold the accessory to the pole. Keep the 2 washers to avoid the installation loosening.
Then, place the sensor into the accessory, taking into account that the sensor must point towards the desired target.
Finally, adjust the angles by rotating the sensor and hold it into the desired position while the nuts are tightened.
You can find the complete sensor manual on the manufacturer's website.
Plant canopy temperature measurement for plant water status estimation
Road surface temperature measurement for determination of icing conditions
Terrestrial surface (soil, vegetation, water, snow) temperature measurement in energy balance studies
Together with this sensor we provide a calibration certificate in which the manufacturer ensures that the sensor has passed a calibration procedure with traceability to an accredited laboratory.
Frost events may happen in plants even though the ambient temperature is not 0 ºC or lower because the canopy temperature can be different than air temperature, this is called radiation frost. The Leaf and bud temperature sensor probe is designed to predict frost events.
Radiation frost occurs when there is a lack of air mixing by the wind near the surface and a negative net long wave radiation balance at the surface.
Operating temperature: -50 to 70 ºC
Operation humidity: 0 ~ 100% RH
Measurement range: -50 to 70 ºC
Measurement uncertainty:
0.1 ºC (from 0 to 70 ºC)
0.2 ºC (from -25 to 0 ºC)
0.4 ºC (from -50 to -25 ºC)
Measurement repeatability: less than 0.05 ºC
Stability (long-term drift): less than 0.02 ºC per year
Equilibration time: 10 s
Self-heating: less than 0.01 ºC
Dimensions: 57 cm length, 2.1 cm pipe diameter, 7.0 cm disk diameter (see image below)
Mass: 400 g
Cable length: 5 m
The SF-421 sensor provides a digital signal using the SDI-12 protocol.
Reading code:
Connect the SF-421 sensor probe to Plug & Sense! Smart Agriculture Xtreme in any of the sockets shown in the image below.
The shape of the SF-421 sensor is designed to resemble a plant leaf and flower bud and be able to measure radiation frost events. The sensor should be installed near the plant canopy where the radiation frost detection is required.
An Angle mounting bracket (Apogee AM-220) can also be used for the installation. This accessory is recommended to mount the sensor on a pole with an outer diameter from 3.3 to 5.3 cm in different angles.
Looking into above picture, the black plastic part on the right must be facing the pole, while the metal angled part on the left must fix the sensor.
First, attach the accessory to the pole screwing the 2 nuts just enough to hold the accessory to the pole. Keep the 2 washers to avoid the installation loosening.
Then, place the sensor into the accessory, taking into account that the sensor must point towards the desired target.
Finally, adjust the angles by rotating the sensor and hold it into the desired position while the nuts are tightened.
You can find the complete sensor manual on the manufacturer's website.
Leaf and bud temperature estimates in cropped fields, orchards, and vineyards
Detection of potential frost damage to crops
Together with this sensor we provide a quality assurance certificate in which the manufacturer ensures that the sensor has passed the internal quality procedures.
Oxygen is the second major constituent of Earth's atmosphere and it is crucial for the development of life. There are sensors which measures oxygen in 2 states: dissolved in a solution and in a gaseous state. The Soil oxygen level sensor probe measures gaseous oxygen.
The Soil oxygen level sensor probe consists of a galvanic cell type sensor and offers a measure of the percentage of the total number of molecules of oxygen in the air. This sensor is specially designed for use in soil or porous media.
Operating environment: -20 to 60 ºC; 60 to 114 kPa
Operation humidity: 0 ~ 100% RH (non-condensing)
Measurement range: 0 to 100% O2
Measurement repeatability: less than 0.1% of mV output at 20.95% O2
Non-linearity: less than 1%
Long-term drift (non-stability): 1.0 mV per year
Oxygen consumption rate: 2.2 µmol O2 per day at 20.95% O2 and 23 ºC
Response time: 60 s for SO-411 (14 s for SO-421)
Dimensions: 32 mm diameter, 68 mm length
Mass: 175 g
Cable length: 5 m
The SO-411 and SO-421 sensors provide a digital signal using the SDI-12 protocol.
Reading code:
Connect the SO-411 or the SO-421 sensor probes to Plug & Sense! Smart Agriculture Xtreme in any of the sockets shown in the image below.
The SO-411 sensor is designed to be installed in soil or porous media in vertical position, with the opening pointing down and the cable pointing up.
This sensor can be used with the accessory model A0-001, designed to facilitate measurements in soil or porous media. It consists of a diffusion head that maintains an air pocket and provides protection to the teflon membrane where gas diffusion occurs.
There are possibilities that the SO-411 sensor is saturated by too much water, which will cause strange readings until the inner membrane of the sensor dries out. The amount of time it takes to dry out is dependent on the outside conditions (i.e humidity, temperature). Sometimes if the sensor gets dropped on a hard surface or something comparable, the sensor will also read off until it has re-stabilized itself.
You can find the complete sensor manual on the manufacturer\'s website.
Measurement of O2 in laboratory experiments
Monitoring gaseous O2 in indoor environments for climate control
Monitoring of O2 levels in compost piles and mine tailings
Monitoring redox potential in soils
Determination of respiration rates through measurement of O2 consumption in sealed chambers
Measurement of O2 gradients in soil/porous media
Together with this sensor we provide a quality assurance certificate in which the manufacturer ensures that the sensor has passed the internal quality procedures.
The Shortwave radiation sensor probe (Apogee SP-510) measures incoming global shortwave radiation from the Sun. Shortwave radiation is radiant energy with wavelengths in the visible (VIS), near-ultraviolet (UV), and near-infrared (NIR) spectra.
This sensor consists of a thermopile detector, acrylic diffuser, heater, and signal processing circuitry mounted in an anodized aluminum housing.
Operating temperature: -50 to 80 ºC
Operation humidity: 0 ~ 100% RH
Sensitivity (variable from sensor to sensor, typical values listed): 0.057 mV per W m^-2
Calibration factor (reciprocal of sensitivity): 17.5 W m^-2 per mV
Calibration uncertainty: ± 5%
Calibrated output range: 0 to 114 mV
Measurement range: 0 to 2000 W m^-2 (net shortwave radiation)
Measurement repeatability: less than 1%
Long-term drift (non-stability): less than 2% per year
Non-linearity: less than 1%
Detector response time: 0.5 s
Field of view: 180º
Spectral range (wavelengths where response is 50% of maximum): 385 to 2105 nm
Directional (cosine) response: less than 30 W m^-2 up to solar zenith angles of 80º
Temperature response: less than 5% from -15 to 45 ºC
Cable length: 5 m
The SP-510 sensor provides an analog signal.
Reading code:
Connect the SP-510 sensor probe to Plug & Sense! Smart Agriculture Xtreme in any of the sockets shown in the image below.
The SP-510 sensor includes a nylon mounting screw on the base in order to mount the sensor on a solid surface.
The Solar sensors mounting accessory can also be used for the installation. This accessory is optional but highly recommended for the solar sensors. With this accessory you will get a secure fastening while keeping the sensor as level as possible, always pointing up.
The accessory is composed of 2 main parts: A - Mounting bracket: it will be fastened to a pipe or mast with its u-bolt B - Leveling plate: it holds the sensor and includes a bubble level
Mounting the system is very easy, just follow these steps: 1 - Attach the solar sensor to the leveling plate, in its central hole. Use the black nylon screw (every sensor comes with one, find it on its bottom) and a screwdriver. 2 - Fasten the leveling plate to the mounting bracket with the 3 long gray screws. Do not insert them too firmly, the final adjustment is done later. 3 - Decide if you want to mount the whole structure to a vertical or horizontal pipe or mast (its outer diameter can go from 3.3 to 5.3 cm). Depending on horizontal or vertical configuration, you will use the bottom or the side of the mounting bracket. 4 - Place the black plastic piece in contact with the pipe. Then use the u-bolt to grab the mounting bracket to the pipe. On both ends of the u-bolt, insert first the washers, then the lock washers and finally the nuts. 5 - Place the structure in the desired position and tighten the nuts firmly with a wrench.
6 - You may take advantage of the holes on the mounting bracket and the pipe to secure the cable of the sensor, avoiding its rotation. You can do that with some cable ties. To minimize azimuth error, the sensor should be mounted with the cable pointing toward true north in the northern hemisphere or true south in the southern hemisphere. Azimuth error is typically less than 1%, but it is easy to minimize by proper cable orientation.7 - Once installed, use the long gray screws of the plate for fine adjustment of the level, making sure the bubble is inside the black circle. The wave spring will keep the leveling plate in place.
You can find the complete sensor manual on the manufacturer's website.
Incoming shortwave radiation measurement in agricultural, ecological, and hydrological weather networks
Optimization of photo-voltaic systems
Together with this sensor we provide a calibration certificate in which the manufacturer ensures that the sensor has passed a calibration procedure with traceability to an accredited laboratory.
Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) is the radiation that drives photosynthesis and is typically defined as total radiation across a range from 400 to 700 nm. PAR is often expressed as photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD): photon flux in units of micromoles per square meter per second (μmol·m^-2·s^-1).
Operation temperature: -40 ~ 70 ºC
Operation humidity: 0 ~ 100% RH
Sensitivity: 0.2 mV / μmol·m^-2·s^-1
Calibration factor (reciprocal of sensitivity): 5 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 / mV
Non-linearity: < 1% (up to 4000 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 / mV)
Non-stability (long-term drift): <2% per year
Spectral range: 410 ~ 655 nm
Repeatability: <0.5%
Diameter: 2.4 cm
Height: 2.8 cm
Cable length: 5 m
The SQ-110 sensor provides an analog signal.
Reading code:
Connect the SQ-110 sensor probe to Plug & Sense! Smart Agriculture Xtreme in any of the sockets shown in the image below.
The SQ-110 sensor includes a nylon mounting screw on the base in order to mount the sensor on a solid surface.
The Solar sensors mounting accessory can also be used for the installation. This accessory is optional but highly recommended for the solar sensors. With this accessory you will get a secure fastening while keeping the sensor as level as possible, always pointing up.
The accessory is composed of 2 main parts: A - Mounting bracket: it will be fastened to a pipe or mast with its u-bolt B - Leveling plate: it holds the sensor and includes a bubble level
Mounting the system is very easy, just follow these steps: 1 - Attach the solar sensor to the leveling plate, in its central hole. Use the black nylon screw (every sensor comes with one, find it on its bottom) and a screwdriver. 2 - Fasten the leveling plate to the mounting bracket with the 3 long gray screws. Do not insert them too firmly, the final adjustment is done later. 3 - Decide if you want to mount the whole structure to a vertical or horizontal pipe or mast (its outer diameter can go from 3.3 to 5.3 cm). Depending on horizontal or vertical configuration, you will use the bottom or the side of the mounting bracket. 4 - Place the black plastic piece in contact with the pipe. Then use the u-bolt to grab the mounting bracket to the pipe. On both ends of the u-bolt, insert first the washers, then the lock washers and finally the nuts. 5 - Place the structure in the desired position and tighten the nuts firmly with a wrench.
6 - You may take advantage of the holes on the mounting bracket and the pipe to secure the cable of the sensor, avoiding its rotation. You can do that with some cable ties. To minimize azimuth error, the sensor should be mounted with the cable pointing toward true north in the northern hemisphere or true south in the southern hemisphere. Azimuth error is typically less than 1%, but it is easy to minimize by proper cable orientation. 7 - Once installed, use the long gray screws of the plate for fine adjustment of the level, making sure the bubble is inside the black circle. The wave spring will keep the leveling plate in place.
You can find the complete sensor manual on the manufacturer's website.
Photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) measures in:
Plant canopies in outdoor environments
Greenhouses and growth chambers
Evapotranspiration analysis
Aquatic environments, including salt water aquariums where corals are grown
Together with this sensor we provide a calibration certificate in which the manufacturer ensures that the sensor has passed a calibration procedure with traceability to an accredited laboratory.
Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) is the radiation that drives photosynthesis and is typically defined as total radiation across a range from 400 to 700 nm. PAR is often expressed as photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD): photon flux in units of micromoles per square meter per second (μmol·m^-2·s^-1).
Operation temperature: -40 ~ 60 ºC
Operation humidity: 0 ~ 100% RH
Sensitivity: 0.1 mV / μmol·m^-2·s^-1
Calibration factor (reciprocal of sensitivity): 10 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 / mV
Non-linearity: < 1% (up to 4000 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 / mV)
Non-stability (long-term drift): <2% per year
Spectral range: 370 ~ 650 nm
Repeatability: <0.5%
Diameter: 2.4 cm
Height: 3.3 cm
Cable length: 5 m
The SQ-100x sensor provides an analog signal.
Reading code:
Connect the SQ-100x sensor probe to Plug & Sense! Smart Agriculture Xtreme in any of the sockets shown in the image below.
The SQ-100x sensor includes a nylon mounting screw on the base in order to mount the sensor on a solid surface.
The Solar sensors mounting accessory can also be used for the installation. This accessory is optional but highly recommended for the solar sensors. With this accessory you will get a secure fastening while keeping the sensor as level as possible, always pointing up.
The accessory is composed of 2 main parts: A - Mounting bracket: it will be fastened to a pipe or mast with its u-bolt B - Leveling plate: it holds the sensor and includes a bubble level
Mounting the system is very easy, just follow these steps: 1 - Attach the solar sensor to the leveling plate, in its central hole. Use the black nylon screw (every sensor comes with one, find it on its bottom) and a screwdriver. 2 - Fasten the leveling plate to the mounting bracket with the 3 long gray screws. Do not insert them too firmly, the final adjustment is done later. 3 - Decide if you want to mount the whole structure to a vertical or horizontal pipe or mast (its outer diameter can go from 3.3 to 5.3 cm). Depending on horizontal or vertical configuration, you will use the bottom or the side of the mounting bracket. 4 - Place the black plastic piece in contact with the pipe. Then use the u-bolt to grab the mounting bracket to the pipe. On both ends of the u-bolt, insert first the washers, then the lock washers and finally the nuts. 5 - Place the structure in the desired position and tighten the nuts firmly with a wrench.
6 - You may take advantage of the holes on the mounting bracket and the pipe to secure the cable of the sensor, avoiding its rotation. You can do that with some cable ties. To minimize azimuth error, the sensor should be mounted with the cable pointing toward true north in the northern hemisphere or true south in the southern hemisphere. Azimuth error is typically less than 1%, but it is easy to minimize by proper cable orientation. 7 - Once installed, use the long gray screws of the plate for fine adjustment of the level, making sure the bubble is inside the black circle. The wave spring will keep the leveling plate in place.
You can find the complete sensor manual on the manufacturer's website.
Photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) measures in:
Plant canopies in outdoor environments
Greenhouses and growth chambers
Evapotranspiration analysis
Aquatic environments, including salt water aquariums where corals are grown
Together with this sensor we provide a calibration certificate in which the manufacturer ensures that the sensor has passed a calibration procedure with traceability to an accredited laboratory.
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is typically defined as total radiation across a range from 100 to 400 nm and is subdivided into 3 wavelength ranges: UV-A (315 to 400 nm), UV-B (280 to 315 nm) and UV-C (100 to 280 nm). Much of the UV-B and all of the UV-C wavelengths from the sun are absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere.
The Ultraviolet radiation sensor probe for Smart Agriculture Xtreme (Apogee SU-100) detects UV radiation from 250 to 400 nm and is calibrated in photon flux units of micromoles per square meter per second (μmol·m^-2·s^-1).
Note: Apogee has recently updated its ultraviolet sensors. The new SU-202 sensor is the substitute for the SU-100, which is no longer available for purchase.
Operation temperature: -40 to 70 ºC
Operation humidity: 0 to 100%
Sensitivity: 0.2 mV / μmol·m^-2·s^-1
Calibration factor (reciprocal of sensitivity): 5.0 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 / mV
Non-stability (long-term drift): <3% per year
Non-linearity: <1% (up to 300 μmol·m^-2·s^-1)
Spectral range: 250 ~ 400 nm
Repeatability: <1%
Diameter: 2.4 cm
Height: 2.8 cm
Cable length: 5 m
The SU-100 sensor provides an analog signal.
Reading code:
Connect the SU-100 sensor probe to Plug & Sense! Smart Agriculture Xtreme in any of the sockets shown in the image below.
The SU-100 sensor includes a nylon mounting screw on the base in order to mount the sensor on a solid surface.
The Solar sensors mounting accessory can also be used for the installation. This accessory is optional but highly recommended for the solar sensors. With this accessory you will get a secure fastening while keeping the sensor as level as possible, always pointing up.
The accessory is composed of 2 main parts: A - Mounting bracket: it will be fastened to a pipe or mast with its u-bolt. B - Leveling plate: it holds the sensor and includes a bubble level.
Mounting the system is very easy, just follow these steps: 1 - Attach the solar sensor to the leveling plate, in its central hole. Use the black nylon screw (every sensor comes with one, find it on its bottom) and a screwdriver. 2 - Fasten the leveling plate to the mounting bracket with the 3 long gray screws. Do not insert them too firmly, the final adjustment is done later. 3 - Decide if you want to mount the whole structure to a vertical or horizontal pipe or mast (its outer diameter can go from 3.3 to 5.3 cm). Depending on horizontal or vertical configuration, you will use the bottom or the side of the mounting bracket. 4 - Place the black plastic piece in contact with the pipe. Then use the u-bolt to grab the mounting bracket to the pipe. On both ends of the u-bolt, insert first the washers, then the lock washers and finally the nuts. 5 - Place the structure in the desired position and tighten the nuts firmly with a wrench.
6 - You may take advantage of the holes on the mounting bracket and the pipe to secure the cable of the sensor, avoiding its rotation. You can do that with some cable ties. To minimize azimuth error, the sensor should be mounted with the cable pointing toward true north in the northern hemisphere or true south in the southern hemisphere. Azimuth error is typically less than 1%, but it is easy to minimize by proper cable orientation. 7 - Once installed, use the long gray screws of the plate for fine adjustment of the level, making sure the bubble is inside the black circle. The wave spring will keep the leveling plate in place.
You can find the complete sensor manual on the manufacturer's website.
UV radiation measurement in:
Outdoor environments
Laboratory use with artificial light sources (e.g. germicidal lamps)
Monitoring the filter ability and stability of different materials
Together with this sensor we provide a calibration certificate in which the manufacturer ensures that the sensor has passed a calibration procedure with traceability to an accredited laboratory.
Apogee has recently updated its ultraviolet sensors. The new SU-202 sensor is the substitute for the SU-100, which is discontinued. It is available for the Smart Agriculture Xtreme line.
The Ultraviolet radiation sensor probe for Smart Agriculture Xtreme (Apogee SU-202) detects UV radiation from 300 to 400 nm and is calibrated in photon flux units of micromoles per square meter per second (μmol·m-2s-1).
Operation temperature: -30 to 85 ºC
Operation humidity: 0 to 100%
Temperature response: -0.1% per ºC
Sensitivity: 8.33 mV / μmol·m^-2·s^-1
Calibration factor (reciprocal of sensitivity): 0.12 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 / mV
Calibration uncertainty: ±10%
Spectral range: 300 ~ 400 nm (wavelengths where response is greater than 10 % of maximum)
Measurement range: 0 to 100 Wm−2
Repeatability: <0.5%
Long-term drift: Less than 2% per year
Non-linearity: Less than 1%
Field overview: 180º
Directional (cosine) response: ±2% at 45º; ± 5 % at 75º zenith angle
Dimensions: 30.5 mm diameter, 37 mm height
The SU-202 sensor provides an analog signal.
Reading code:
Connect the SU-202 sensor probe to Plug & Sense! Smart Agriculture Xtreme in any of the sockets shown in the image below.
The SU-202 sensor includes a nylon mounting screw on the base in order to mount the sensor on a solid surface.
The Solar sensors mounting accessory can also be used for the installation. This accessory is optional but highly recommended for the solar sensors. With this accessory you will get a secure fastening while keeping the sensor as level as possible, always pointing up.
The accessory is composed of 2 main parts: A - Mounting bracket: it will be fastened to a pipe or mast with its u-bolt. B - Leveling plate: it holds the sensor and includes a bubble level.
Mounting the system is very easy, just follow these steps: 1 - Attach the solar sensor to the leveling plate, in its central hole. Use the black nylon screw (every sensor comes with one, find it on its bottom) and a screwdriver. 2 - Fasten the leveling plate to the mounting bracket with the 3 long gray screws. Do not insert them too firmly, the final adjustment is done later. 3 - Decide if you want to mount the whole structure to a vertical or horizontal pipe or mast (its outer diameter can go from 3.3 to 5.3 cm). Depending on the horizontal or vertical configuration, you will use the bottom or the side of the mounting bracket. 4 - Place the black plastic piece in contact with the pipe. Then use the u-bolt to grab the mounting bracket to the pipe. On both ends of the u-bolt, insert first the washers, then the lock washers and finally the nuts. 5 - Place the structure in the desired position and tighten the nuts firmly with a wrench.
6 - You may take advantage of the holes on the mounting bracket and the pipe to secure the cable of the sensor, avoiding its rotation. You can do that with some cable ties. To minimize azimuth error, the sensor should be mounted with the cable pointing toward true north in the northern hemisphere or true south in the southern hemisphere. Azimuth error is typically less than 1%, but it is easy to minimize by proper cable orientation. 7 - Once installed, use the long gray screws of the plate for fine adjustment of the level, making sure the bubble is inside the black circle. The wave spring will keep the leveling plate in place.
You can find the complete sensor manual on the manufacturer's website.
UV radiation measurement in:
Outdoor environments
Laboratory use with artificial light sources (e.g. germicidal lamps)
Monitoring the filter ability and stability of different materials
Together with this sensor, we provide a calibration certificate in which the manufacturer ensures that the sensor has passed a calibration procedure with traceability to an accredited laboratory.
The Bosch BME280 includes a humidity sensor that features an extremely fast response time which supports performance requirements for emerging applications such as context awareness, and high accuracy over a wide temperature range. The pressure sensor is an absolute barometric pressure sensor with features exceptionally high accuracy and resolution at very low noise. The integrated temperature sensor has been optimized for very low noise and high resolution. It is primarily used for temperature compensation of the pressure and humidity sensors, and can also be used for estimating ambient temperature.
Operational range: -40 ~ +85 ºC
Full accuracy range: 0 ~ +65 ºC
Accuracy: ±1 ºC (range 0 ºC ~ +65 ºC)
Response time: 1.65 seconds (63% response from +30 to +125 °C)
Measurement range: 0 ~ 100% of relative humidity (for temperatures < 0 °C and > 60 °C see figure below) Accuracy: < ±3% RH (at 25 ºC, range 20 ~ 80%)
Hysteresis: ±1% RH
Operating temperature: -40 ~ +85 ºC
Response time (63% of step 90% to 0% or 0% to 90%): 1 second
Measurement range: 30 ~ 110 kPa
Operational temperature range: -40 ~ +85 ºC
Full accuracy temperature range: 0 ~ +65 ºC
Absolute accuracy: ±0.1 kPa (0 ~ 65 ºC)
The Temperature, humidity and pressure sensor provides a digital signal using the I2C protocol.
Reading code:
Connect the Temperature, humidity and pressure sensor probe (Bosch BME280) to Plug & Sense! Smart Agriculture Xtreme in any of the sockets shown in the image below.
Weather observation and forecast
Evapotranspiration analysis
Control heating, ventilation or air conditioning in greenhouses
Warning regarding dryness or high temperatures
The Conductivity, water content and soil temperature sensor probe (Decagon GS3) can measure many types of growing media, specially in greenhouse applications where the probe can be inserted easily into different types of soilless substrates. The GS3 sensor determines volumetric water content (VWC) by measuring the dielectric constant (εa) of the medium using capacitance / frequency-domain technology, the temperature using a thermistor, and electrical conductivity using a stainless steel electrode array.
Operating temperature: -40 to 60 ºC
Dielectric measurement frequency: 70 MHz
Measurement time: 150 ms
Dimensions: 9.3 x 2.4 x 6.5 cm
Prong length: 5.5 cm
Cable length: 5 m
Accuracy: εa: ±1 εa (unitless) from 1 to 40 (soil range), ±15% from 40 to 80
Resolution:
0.1 εa (unitless) from 1 to 20
< 0.75 εa (unitless) from 20 to 80
0.002 m³/m³ (0.2% VWC) from 0 to 40% VWC
0.001 m³/m³ (0.1% VWC) > 40% VWC
Range: Apparent dielectric permittivity (εa): 1 (air) to 80 (water)
Accuracy: ± 5% from 0 to 5 dS/m, ±10% from 5 to 23 dS/m
Resolution: 0.001 dS/m from 0 to 23 dS/m
Range: 0 to 25 dS/m (bulk)
Accuracy: ±1 ºC
Resolution: 0.1 ºC
Range: -40 to 60 ºC
The GS3 sensor provides a digital signal using the SDI-12 protocol.
Reading code:
Volumetric water content (VWC) calculation
The GS3 sensor provides the dielectric permittivity (ε~) of the surrounding medium. The dielectric permittivity value must be converted in the code to a particular substrate by a calibration equation specific to the media you are working in.
The calibration equation for several potting soils, perlite, and peat moss at salinities ranging from 0 to > 4 dS/m is:
The calibration equation for mineral soils ranging from 0 to > 5 dS/m is:
Connect the GS3 sensor probe to Plug & Sense! Smart Agriculture Xtreme in any of the sockets shown in the image below.
The GS3 sensor can be inserted into soilless substrates in different ways. However, the orientation of the sensor does affect the sensor readings. Please keep in mind that the sensor only measures the VWC in its sphere of influence.
Sensors can either be inserted into the top of the plant pot or into the side of the root ball. Insertion into the side of the root ball may be the best option, as it will give the best indication of the water available to the plant.
You can find the complete sensor manual on the manufacturer's website.
Maintain good soil contact and compensate for air gaps in the substrate of potting soil or soilless medias
Greenhouse substrate monitoring
Irrigation management
Salt management
Fertilizer movement
Modeling processes that are affected by temperature
Together with this sensor we provide a quality assurance certificate in which the manufacturer ensures that the sensor has passed the internal quality procedures.
The Volumetric water content and soil temperature sensor probe (Meter TEROS 11) can measure many types of growing media, especially in greenhouse applications where the probe can be inserted easily into different types of soilless substrates. The TEROS 11 sensor determines volumetric water content (VWC) using capacitance / frequency-domain technology and the temperature using a thermistor.
Operating temperature: -40 to 60 ºC
Dielectric measurement frequency: 70 MHz
Measurement time: 150 ms (maximum)
Dimensions: 9.4 x 2.4 x 7.5 cm
Needle length: 5.5 cm
Cable length: 5 m
Accuracy: ±0.03 m³/m³ typical in mineral soils that have solution electrical conductivity < 8 dS/m
Resolution: 0.001 m³/m³
Range: Mineral soil calibration: 0.00-0.70 m³/m³; Soilless media calibration: 0.0-1.0 m³/m³
Accuracy: ±1 ºC from -40 to 0 ºC, ±0.5 ºC from 0 to 60 ºC
Resolution: 0.1 ºC
Range: -40 to 60 ºC
The TEROS 11 sensor provides a digital signal using the SDI-12 protocol.
Reading code:
Volumetric water content (VWC) calculation
The TEROS 11 sensor provides a raw output to calculate the VWC and the dielectric permittivity (εa) of the surrounding medium. The VWC value must be converted in the code to a particular substrate by a calibration equation specific to the media you are working in.
The calibration equation for several potting soils, perlite, and peat moss at salinities is:
The calibration equation for mineral soils ranging from 0 to to 8 dS/m is:
Dielectric Permittivity is calculated from the raw output following the next equation:
Connect the TEROS 11 sensor probe to Plug & Sense! Smart Agriculture Xtreme in any of the sockets shown in the image below.
The TEROS 11 sensor can be inserted into soilless substrates in different ways. However, the orientation of the sensor does affect the sensor readings. Please keep in mind that the sensor only measures the VWC in its sphere of influence.
Sensors can either be inserted into the top of the plant pot or into the side of the root ball. Insertion into the side of the root ball may be the best option, as it will give the best indication of the water available to the plant.
You can find the complete sensor manual on the manufacturer's website.
Maintain good soil contact and compensate for air gaps in the substrate of potting soil or soilless media
Greenhouse substrate monitoring
Irrigation management
Modeling processes that are affected by temperature
Together with this sensor, we provide a quality assurance certificate in which the manufacturer ensures that the sensor has passed the internal quality procedures.
The Conductivity, water content and soil temperature sensor probe (Meter TEROS 12) can measure many types of growing media, especially in greenhouse applications where the probe can be inserted easily into different types of soilless substrates. The TEROS 12 sensor determines volumetric water content (VWC) using capacitance / frequency-domain technology, the temperature using a thermistor, and electrical conductivity using a stainless steel electrode array.
Operating temperature: -40 to 60 ºC
Dielectric measurement frequency: 70 MHz
Measurement time: 150 ms (maximum)
Dimensions: 9.4 x 2.4 x 7.5 cm
Needle length: 5.5 cm
Cable length: 5 m
Accuracy: ±0.03 m³/m³ typical in mineral soils that have solution electrical conductivity < 8 dS/m
Resolution: 0.001 m³/m³
Range: Mineral soil calibration: 0.00-0.70 m³/m³; Soilless media calibration: 0.0-1.0 m³/m³
Accuracy: ± 5% from 0 to 10 dS/m, ±10% from 10 to 20 dS/m
Resolution: 0.001 dS/m
Range: 0 to 20 dS/m (bulk)
Accuracy: ±0.5 ºC from -40 to 0 ºC, ±0.3 ºC from 0 to 60 ºC
Resolution: 0.1 ºC
Range: -40 to 60 ºC
The TEROS 12 sensor provides a digital signal using the SDI-12 protocol.
Reading code:
The TEROS 12 sensor provides a raw output to calculate the VWC and the dielectric permittivity (εa) of the surrounding medium. The VWC value must be converted in the code to a particular substrate by a calibration equation specific to the media you are working in.
The calibration equation for several potting soils, perlite, and peat moss at salinities is: